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Fiona Stanley

CHILDREN of the troubled Kimberley town of Halls Creek have unanimously nominated an alcohol ban as their No1 wish, ahead of a local cinema and an international airport.

More than 100 children aged 10 to 14 at the school in Halls Creek told youth facilitator Michael O’Meara that, more than anything else, they wanted alcohol eliminated from their town and wanted help for their parents and other adults in Halls Creek to get sober.

“The young people were very clear about what they wanted … they weren’t prompted or given suggestions,” said Mr O’Meara, facilitator of last year’s 2020 Youth Summit.

“They spoke of their fears that some in the community would not like them asking for the elimination of alcohol, and they spoke of the impact of alcohol on their lives – I can say they have very real reasons for wanting it to stop.” continued at The Australian newspaper Jan 12th 2009

A few days ago I quoted from the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey:

Just over one in five children (22%) were living in families where 7 or more major life stress events had occurred over the preceding 12 months. These children were five and a half times more likely to be at high risk of clinically significant emotional or behavioural difficulties than children in families where 2 or less life stress events had occurred

Perhaps we should be acting on what the children want us to.

Instead, as well as the above reports, other states also continue to produce reports rather than acting and introducing sustainable and ongoing programs (one off projects seem to constitute long term planning and solutions).

Queensland has recently released the report Children and young people in Queensland: a Snapshot 2008.
Here a few of the “highlights”:

the infant mortality rate (11.8 per 1000) is twice the state average – reducing the number of pre-term Indigenous births would significantly reduce the high Indigenous infant mortality rate.

31.6% of youth suicides under 18 years were Indigenous children in 2006–07.

6.0% of all 0 to 17 year olds in Queensland were Indigenous, although Indigenous people make up only
3.3% of the population

the Indigenous youth detention rate almost 15 times the non-Indigenous rate

In the Northern Territory we had the report Ampe Akelyernemane Meke Mekarle “Little Children are Sacred” (large PDF) that was misused by the then government to initiate ““The Intervention”“(Northern Territory Emergency Response). This seems to have led to a doubling of infrastructure, finding out what we already new but no sustainable programs in healthcare, or to increase resources to further deal with the health issues we already knew about and where the “very foundational principles on which Aboriginal existence are built — community, culture and collective rights — have been shaken, demonised and exposed to a level of scrutiny unparalleled in recent times.”

A review of the Northern Territory Emergency Response can be found here. Various articles in the Medical Journal of Australia about the response have stated:

paints a demeaning and misleading picture of NT communities as exhibiting “a complete breakdown of normal mores”. This fits snugly with the “white blindfold” view, described by Tait, that will only further disempower marginalised Aboriginal people and communities”

another states:

Existing systems are not providing for adequate follow-up of identified medical and social problems for children living in remote Aboriginal communities”

and another

Indigenous communities must have a role in data collection and anagement“.

It just goes on and on.

There is no one better than Fiona Stanley to conclude with. In a recent speech (video here)

The frustrating and anguishing thing is that we have known what we need to do for 20 years; the evidence has been around in Royal Commissions, HREOC reports, a myriad of government reports as well as our research papers. How to implement is the major issue. Other countries with Indigenous colonised populations have similar problems but are doing much better than Australia – what can we learn from them?

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The 2008 Annual Hawke Lecture was delivered by Professor Fiona Stanley AC at the Adelaide Town Hall, Thursday 6 November 2008.

“The Greatest Injustice: why we have failed to improve the health of Aboriginal people” is now available as an audio download or written transcript. They can be found here at the UniSA website.

The Abstract:

The high suicide rates in young Aboriginal people in Fitzroy Crossing in the Kimberley region of Western Australia in recent years prompted a Coronial Inquiry, which met for several months in 2007 with the Coroner, Alastair Hope, delivering his final report in February 2008. I was called to give evidence to the inquiry because of my Institute’s long-standing research and interest in Aboriginal health and well being. It gave me an opportunity to summarise not only our research and that of others here and overseas, but to make the case for major government investment to improve Aboriginal outcomes in Australia more generally. Hence I aim to share with you my “manifesto”!

The frustrating and anguishing thing is that we have known what we need to do for 20 years; the evidence has been around in Royal Commissions, HREOC reports, a myriad of government reports as well as our research papers. How to implement is the major issue. Other countries with Indigenous colonised populations have similar problems but are doing much better than Australia – what can we learn from them? Suicides, child abuse and neglect, domestic violence and substance abuse are all outcomes – hence a better understanding of causal pathways to enable effective prevention is crucial to effective long and medium term strategies. But what do we do to help so many damaged kids now? Most deaths in young people are avoidable and we have the knowledge to prevent them. However, Aboriginal human capacity is limited – over 50% of their population is aged under 20 years, over 30% of births are to girls aged under 19 and for each Aboriginal child there is on average only one adult compared with other Australian kids who average three. And many of the Aboriginal adults are sick, mentally ill, in prison or in need of care themselves. This depleted human capability needs to be factored into any service planning which demands Aboriginal participation.

A major and continuing aspect, which has never been appropriately acknowledged or managed, is the effect of the Stolen Generation. Our data document clearly the extent and impacts of the forced removal of children from families and people from land on today’s children. I believe that this factor is a major explanation for much of today’s dis-ease in Aboriginal populations. The Canadians have set up a major healing initiative some years ago, which we in Australia should consider.

The most sustainable and important recommendation I want to discuss relate to how we enhance an effective Aboriginal workforce as not only does that bring economic power to families, but also raises self esteem and longer term success. I will discuss all these and leave you with a commitment and a sense of hope that we can and must collectively tackle this major human rights issue in Australia.

Take a look at Fiona Stanley’s bio as well. A most impressive person.

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